Permanent moulds



Dec. 1, 1964 A. VAYDA PERMANENT MOULDS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Original Filed July 6, 1960 Big.

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Mr ATTORNEY 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 A. VAYDA PERMANENT MOULDS Dec. 1, 1964 Original Filed July 6, 1960 INVENTOR, g 4 Alanna r: yayd BY WZM ATTORNEY,

United States Patent 3,1533% PERMANENT MGULDS Alexandre Vayda, ?aris, France, assignor to Fonderite Soeiete a. Responsabilite Limitee, Paris, France Original application duly 6, 1960, Ser. No. 41,??2, now

Patent No. 3,130,919, dated Aug. 2:3, Dir-tried and this application June 17, 1963, 522'. No. 238,158 Claims priority, application France, July 7, 1959, 799,495

2 Cim'ms. (ill. 229) This is a division of my application Ser. No; 41,102 filed July 6, 1960, now Patent No. 3,100,919, dated August 20, 1963.

This invention relates to a form for providing the interior of a permanent mould or the like with an exothermic lining.

When steel has been poured into a permanent mould or into a casting flask and the casting solidifies it is known that the dissipation of heat-through the walls can be reduced if the mould or the like is provided with an exothermic lining and that the formation of pipes by shrinkage in the head of the casting can thus be prevented. it is also known that the lining may consist of a combination of an exothermic product with a binding agent such as water glass. Such a mixture will set when carbon dioxide gas is blown into the same.

In the past exothermic linings in the head of the permanent mould were provided by using pre-formed lining elements consisting of exothermic mixtures. These were afiixed to the walls of the mould adhesively or by some other means. This was a tedious procedure and it is also difficult to perform. The location of the elements often caused very considerable trouble.

It is the object of the present invention to overcome these defects and to provide useful means which will permit linings of exothermic mixtures to be directly applied to the inside walls of permanent moulds and the like.

The invention therefore relates to a form for providing the interior of a permanent mould with an exothermic lining. The form proposed for this purpose comprises a plurality of elements which together form a continuous wall inside the permanent mould, sealing means at the lower edge of the wall elements of the form, a central frame connected with vertically adjustable bearing arms for suspending the form in the permanent mould, an admission sytsem for supplying a hardening medium through the wall elements of the form to the exothermic lining, and supporting bars connected with the wall elements for withdrawing the form from the lining when this has set.

According to a particular embodiment the bars which support the elements of the wall of the form are fitted at their ends with racks for engagement of one or more pinions mounted on a central actuating shaft. These rack-ended bars may be guided in appropriate sleeves which are affixed to the rigid central frame of the form. The pinions may be operable by hand or by means of a motor, and the latter may, for instance, be mounted'on the central frame.

If desired, control may be completely automatic and, for instance, an electronic control system may be provided for switching the motor on and off at the proper times. However, it will be readily understood that the rigid central frame may be used to support drive means of some alternative kind.

If a motor is used for moving the wall members of the form, then this motor may at the same time serve for operating a vibrator (shaker) which may likewise be mounted on the rigid central frame, and used to consolidate the exothermic mixture which fills the cavity b tween the mould and the form.

The walls of the form may consist of simple or com- "ice pound elements which face the lateral walls of the mould, and of arched wing members constituting the corners. In a preferred embodiment of the form, each such Wing member may be hingeably afiixed to the vertical edge of one of the adjacent wall members, whereas the other edge is adapted to pass slidably through guide means on the edge of the other adjacent wall member. This arrangement will ensure the formation of an unbroken surface irrespectively of the relative position of the wall members, thus making the form automatically adaptable to moulds which dimensionally differ by small amounts. The profile of the arched wing member is determined by the nature of the guide means employed. For instance, guide rollers may be provided on the edge of the adjacent wall member in such manner that a gap of suitable width is left between the rollers and the edge of the wall member.

The invention can thus be embodied in numerous forms of construction all of which comply with the principles upon which the invention is based. Several forms of construction of a form according to the invention will be hereafter described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and further features will be revealed which are likewise of some importance to the invention. Moreover, although the following examples relate to the application of the invention to a permanent mould, this fact is by no means intended to limit the scope of the present invention which may also be used for the purpose of providing exothermic linings, for instance, in flasks and casting boxes in foundries.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a permanent mould with a form according to the invention inserted therein;

FIG. 2 is a fragmentary section of FIG. 1, illustrating the arrangements for guiding the wing portions constituting the corners of the form, shown on a larger scale;

FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate a form according to the invention equipped with angled wall elements, with means for the elevational adjustment thereof and with a covered internal cavity, in sections on the lines 33 and 44 in FIGS. 4 and 3, respectively.

In the form of construction illustrated in FIG. 1, the form comprises a rigid central frame 10 consisting of tubular guide members 11 and cross bracing struts 12. The form as such consists of wall elements 13 and 14 facing the inside walls of the mould 15. Elements 13 on the longer sides of the mould are fitted with rods 16 which slidably engage the ends of the tubular guide members 11 of the above-described frame. The frame 10 is connected with vertically adjustable bearing arms by rods fixed to the guide members 11.

The wall elements 13 and 14 are each provided with racking arms 17 which are slidably mounted on the tubular members 11 and the cross bracing struts 12, and which at their ends are fitted with racks 1S engaged by a pinion 19 adapted to be rotated either by hand or by an electric motor secured to frame 10. The wall of the form is completed by arched wing members 20 which constitute the corner portions of the form and which are connected with the elements 14 f the side walls by hinges 21, the deflectable ends of said wing portions being slidably engaged by guide means 22 provided at each end of the wall ele ments 13.

The wall elements of the form areof hollow construction the inside shell 27 which faces the cavity 28 which is to be tilled with the lining material is provided with a plurality of regularly distributed holes 29 for supplying hardening medium to the exothermic lining. The shell 3a? of the form which faces the interior of the mould is provided with one or several connections 31 for pipes 32 through which the hardening medium can be a portion of the formin greater detail.

admitted from a distributor 33. A sealing flange 34- delimits the bottom end of the cavity for the reception of the exothermic lining, said flange being lipped With a strip of leather, rubber, or like elastic material which makes a suitably tight joint with the inside of the wall of the mould 15. r The guide means 22 mentioned above are formed by the bevelled conformation 23 of the lateral edges of wall elements l ijiand cooperating rollers 24 mounted on arms 25 secured to the wall elements 13in such manner that a gap 26 remains between said rollers and the bevelled edges. 23 for the slidable insertion of the ends of the wing portion 29. The described arrangement ensures that the wing portions and the adjacent lateral wall elements 14 of the form' will form an unbroken surface in any position of adjustment of the form.

FIG.'2'showsthe'construction of the slidable tween the corner portion 20 and the adjacent lateral wall dotted lines illustrates theposition's of the wall elements of the form when this contracted preparatorily to being inserted into the permanent mould, whereas the full line drawing illustrates the position of the same elements; after they have been expanded by rotation of pinion 19 in the direction of arrow F (FIG. 1) into the required position in relation to the Walls of the permanent mould 15. It will be at once understood that the described arrangement for'guiding'jthe arched Wing members 2% will readily permit the size of the form to be adjusted to diffe'rent moulds which differ'to some extent in their internald'imen'sions. The profile of the arched wing members is adapted to sli'de smoothly through the guide means. a FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate a form according to the invention. which is equippedwith special means for vertically adjusting the form relative to bearing arms 55. These means permit the required lining to be applied to the in-' side of a mould at anyllevel inaccordance with the'charge of cast materialfthe mould is-to contain. To this end an actuating shaft 42 is provided which is mounted in a central sleeve 54 and serves for raising and lowering the walls of the form relative to the bearing arms 55. The

upper end of theshjaft carries a handwheel 57. The bot tom endof the shar't'which carries a pinion 41 is mounted in alower frame plate 44 which carries guide sleeves 43 i for racks 4%) which are the ends of supporting bars 39f for the wall elements and which engage with said pinion 41. Theilower end of the sleeve 54 which carries the actuating shaft 42 isjconnect'ed with the lower frame plate 44 by means o'fan upper frame 'plate 53 and uprights 45. The outside of the sleeve 54 isformed with a rack s'en'gaged bya lifting pinion 57'. I This lifting pinion is mounted in a-tube 8 which is rigidly connected with bearing arms SS-placed across the top of the mould, and which also serves to guide the sleeve 54. Since the actuating shaft is rotatable in sleeve 54 but not slidably displaceable therein, rotation of the shaft 59 which carries the lifting 'pinion 57' will permit sleeve 54 including actuating shaft 4 2 to be raised and lowered in relation to the edge of the, permanent mould. The parts connected with the sleeve, more particularly the wall elements. of the form can thus "be elevationally adjusted as desired inside the mould. 7 Above the upper end of sleeve. 54 the actuating shaft 42 carries a disc-shaped member 60' which is fitted with arresting means 61' for cooperation with the upper flanged edge 62 of sleeve 54. When the two members 60 and '62 are locked together, shaft 42 cannot be rotated andthe wall elementsof'the form will thus be locked in' their adjusted position.

joint be.-

The drawing inf cavity or gap 28 provided for the reception thereof, )the embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4 is provided with a cover 63 which closes the space inside the walls of the form. This cover is divided into several sections which are secured to the associated wall elements.

of the form, thus permitting the wall portions together with the sections of the cover to be freely withdrawn from the inside wall of the mould. The centre of the cover 53 has an opening 64 for the passagetherethrough of the sleeve'54 and of the actuating shaft 42. In order to prevent any of the mixture from accidentally dropping into this hole 64, the latter is provided with acollar 65 secured, on the one hand, to the cover 63 and, on the' other, to the tube '58 which slidably guides sleeve 54.

Theprovision of; the cover permits a predetermined quan- 'ty of the exo hermic mixture to be pouredinto the top of the permanent mould withontparticular care, because any part of the mixture which drops on the cover can be.

subsequently easily pushed into the cavity 28 between the form and the mould. Another possible form of construction is to provide the cover with an appropriate outward slope in such a manner that the mixture will of itself slide as the cover into the cavity without being specially encouraged to do so.

I wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be limited to the exact details of-construction shown and described, for obvious modifications will occur to a person skilled in the art.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to be secured by Letters Patent, is as follows: 1

l. A form for providing the interior of a permanent steel casting mould with'an exothermic lining, "comprising a central frame, a plurality of wall elements which together form a continuous wall inside the permanent mould supported by said central frame, sealing means at the 1 wer edge of the wall elements of the form, bearing arms supported by the'mould and supporting said central frame thereby suspending the form in the permanent mould, an admission system for supplying a hardening medium through the wall elements of the form to the wing members forming the corners, one vertical edge of the wing members being hingeably connected toone adjacent wall member, the other adjacent wall member including guide means, the other vertical edge slidably. passing through said guide means of the other adjacent wall member in such manner that the wall members in conjunction with the wing members constitute a form with a continuous unbroken wall surface. I

2. A' form as claimed in claim 1, wherein said other adjacent wall member carries guide rollers which define a gap for the passage therethr'ough'of the arcuate end of the Wing member. 1

7 References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,430,45l 9 22 Lassiter a u 1,795,021 3/31 Goin 25-128 2,524,981 10/50 Tourneau 25-.-12s.1 3,077,646; 2/63 Tigerschiold t 22-147 OTHER REFERENCES road Trade Journal, May 12, 1955, pages 5054023. MICHAEL v. snmmsr, Primary Examiner. MARC U/LYONS, Examiner, Z 

1. A FORM FOR PROVIDING THE INTERIOR OF A PERMANENT STEEL CASTING MOULD WITH AN EXOTHERMIC LINING, COMPRISING A CENTRAL FRAME, A PLURALITY OF WALL ELEMENTS WHICH TOGETHER FORM A CONTINUOUS WALL INSIDE THE PERMANENT MOULD SUPPORTED BY SAID CENTRAL FRAME, SEALING MEANS AT THE LOWER EDGE OF THE WALL ELEMENTS OF THE FORM, BEARING ARMS SUPPORTED BY THE MOULD AND SUPPORTING SAID CENTRAL FRAME THEREBY SUSPENDING THE FORM, IN THE PERMANENT MOULD, AN ADMISSION SYSTEM FOR SUPPLYING A HARDENING MEDIUM THROUGH THE WALL ELEMENTS OF THE FORM TO THE EXOTHERMIC LINING, SUPPORTING BARS MOVABLY CONNECTED TO SAID FRAME AND CARRYING THE WALL ELEMENTS AND BEING OPERABLE TO POSITION SAID WALL ELEMENTS FOR THE LINING OPERATION AND, RESPECTIVELY, TO RETRACT THEM FOR WITHDRAWING THE FORM WHEN THE LINING HAS SET, AND CONTROL MEANS CONNECTED TO SAID FRAME AND BEING OPERABLE FOR MOVING SAID SUPPORTING BARS TO POSITION AND TO RETRACT THE WALL ELEMENTS, SAID WALL ELEMENTS INCLUDING MEMBERS FACING THE LATERAL WALLS OF THE PERMANENT MOULD AND ARCUATE WING MEMBERS FORMING THE CORNERS, ONE VERTICAL EDGE OF THE WING MEMBERS BEING HINGEABLY CONNECTED TO ONE ADJACENT WALL MEMBER, THE OTHER ADJACENT WALL MEMBER INCLUDING GUIDE MEANS, THE OTHER VERTICAL EDGE SLIDABLY PASSING THROUGH SAID GUIDE MEANS OF THE OTHER ADJACENT WALL MEMBER IN SUCH MANNER THAT THE WALL MEMBERS IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE WING MEMBERS CONSTITUTE A FORM WITH A CONTINUOUS UNBROKEN WALL SURFACE. 